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James B. Pritchard
James Bennett Pritchard (October 4, 1909 – January 1, 1997) was an American archeologist whose work explicated the interrelationships of the religions of ancient Israel, Canaan, Egypt, Assyria, and Babylon. Pritchard was honored with the Gold Medal Award for Distinguished Archaeological Achievement in 1983 from the Archaeological Institute of America.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Gold Medal Award for Distinguished Archaeological Achievement )〕
He had a long association with the University of Pennsylvania, where he was professor of religious thought and the first curator of Biblical archaeology at the University Museum. Pritchard's strength lay in setting the Bible within its broader cultural contexts in the Ancient Near East.
Pritchard authored the book ''Ancient Near Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Testament'', which was released in three editions (1950, 1955, 1969), universally referred to as ''ANET'', which provided reliable translations of texts that threw light on the context of Ancient Near Eastern history and the Hebrew Bible.
==Early life and education==
Pritchard was born in Louisville, Kentucky; he graduated from Asbury College in 1930, and earned his PhD from the University of Pennsylvania (1942).
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